new notion: policy-constrained dual AS graph nodes: peering sessions links: pairs of sessions w/common AS and followed by traffic in skitter or BGP data derived from observed AS triples example: 1909 195 1740 - AS path (skitter,BGP) CAIDA SDSC CERF nodes: 1909-195 and 195-1740 ordered AS pairs directed link: from 1909-195 to 195-1740 allows for capturing more policy