terminology

IP - Internet Protocol 
protocol used to connect different IP-based data networks together
IP address is fundamental
this presentation drops the word "address"

AS - Autonomous System 
collection of contiguous IPs which can announce IP prefixes
AS number uniquely identifies an AS (ISPs may have more then one)
this presentation drops the word "number"

BGP - Border Gateway Protocal
primary protocol used by ASes to exchange routes
BGP table is a collection of BGP routes seen at a single router

RTT - Round Trip Time
time to send and receive a response between two IP addresses 

protocol
collection of rules that define a service (HTTP, TCP, etc)
defined by port address